The prehospital use of lorazepam for seizures is limited by its:

• A. Short shelf life
• B. Requires IV access
• C. Large volume dosing
• D. Refrigeration requirement

Answer: (D)

The main idea is how storage conditions affect a drug’s usefulness in the field. Lorazepam injectable solutions must be stored refrigerated to maintain potency. In prehospital care, keeping medications cold reliably in all ambulances and across shifts is often challenging, so the drug’s effectiveness can be compromised if refrigeration isn’t maintained. That logistical constraint is why lorazepam isn’t as practical for prehospital seizures care as other options.

The other factors aren’t the main limiting issue here: lorazepam can be given IM, so IV access isn’t required; the dose uses a small volume, and while shelf life exists, the critical bottleneck in the field is maintaining cold storage.